In this issue a number of papers that are part of completion of thesis are presented. Alyasin et al., looked at Nurse Readiness to Use Artificial Intelligence in Patient Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The authors followed a meta-analysis explores the readiness of registered nurses to apply artificial intelligence (AI) in patient care. Eligible studies were identified by conducting a systematic review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement. Only quantitative peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2020 and 2024 were included in the study. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials and the Critical Appraisal Skills Program were used for quality assessment. Five studies were included in the meta-analysis, reporting the responses of 1,229 nurses and other healthcare professionals. The main outcomes for evaluating the readiness of nurses to use AI were perception and attitude. A statistically significant mean difference was found to separate positive perception from negative perception, which had a lower score. A nonsignificant mean difference was found to separate positive attitude from negative attitude, which had a lower score (mean difference [MD]: 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.41–1.42, P: .0004; MD: 0.60, 95% CI: -0.19–1.38, P: .14). The authors concluded that the nurses’ perceptions of and attitudes towards applying AI in nursing practice were highly positive. A positive perception of and attitude toward technology adaptation are vital to improving patient care. The findings from this study and similar research will be critical in determining future healthcare policies and initiatives based on best practices. However, there is a need to implement more AI training and education programs to ensure that practicing nurses and nursing students can gain the skills necessary to successfully leverage AI in healthcare.

Alayed et al., did a meta-analytical study to explore the impact of hospital ethical climate on missed nursing care. The literature was systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Six studies were selected, these studies cover a sample of 968 nurses. All studies were quantitative, cross-sectional design with low negative correlation between nursing missed care and ethical climate. The authors concluded that all of the included studies indicate that a relationship between the ethical climate and missed nursing is established, however, the meta-analysis of the studies shows that the relationship between ethical climate and missed nursing care is a low negative correlation and there could be other variables that might be more influential in determining the level of missed nursing care than the ethical climate.
Alomar, et al., looked at the relationship between Nurses’ Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, and Leadership Support in Preventing Patient Falls. Incidents of patients falling are a notable issue in public health and a frequent negative occurrence in hospitals, frequently leading to injuries such as trauma, fractures, or brain damage, which significantly affect patients’ overall well-being. At the Security Forces Hospital, the frequency of patient falls is consistent with global norms, but the fact that injuries result from around 30% of cases is problematic. This study applied a quantitative, cross-sectional approach to evaluate nursing staff’s understanding of patient fall prevention. The primary objective was to assess the knowledge of patient fall prevention of the nursing staff and whether leadership support and nurses’ self-efficacy impacted efforts to prevent falls. The result-oriented findings brought to light crucial areas in which nurses had knowledge gaps regarding fall prevention, with an overwhelming figure of 75.7% of the respondents recognizing non-contributory factors for falls, such as antibiotics, and relatively few (31.3%) who correctly mentioned multifaceted interventions as essential. Such findings show inherent opportunities for developing more effective accident prevention practices to improve patient safety in the hospital.

Helvaci et al., looked at whether Chronic inflammatory processes may prevent malignancies. The hardened red blood cells-induced capillary endothelial damage is initiated at birth, and terminate with accelerated atherosclerosis, multiorgan failures, and sudden death even at childhood in sickle cell diseases (SCD). Disseminated teeth losses (5.4% vs 1.4%, p<0.001), ileus (7.2% vs 1.4%, p<0.001), cirrhosis (8.1% vs 1.8%, p<0.001), leg ulcers (19.8% vs 7.0%, p<0.001), digital clubbing (14.8% vs 6.6%, p<0.001), coronary heart disease (18.0% vs 13.2%, p<0.05), chronic renal disease (9.9% vs 6.1%, p<0.05), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (25.2% vs 7.0%, p<0.001), and stroke-like atherosclerotic endpoints (12.1% vs 7.5%, p<0.05) were all higher but not acute chest syndrome (2.7% vs 3.7%, p>0.05) or pulmonary hypertension (12.6% vs 11.7%, p>0.05) or deep venous thrombosis and/or varices and/or telangiectasias (9.0% vs 6.6%, p>0.05) in males. The authors concluded that Infections, medical or surgical emergencies, or emotional stress-induced increased basal metabolic rate aggravates the sickling and capillary endothelial inflammation and edema, and terminates with disseminated tissue hypoxia, accelerated atherosclerosis, multiorgan failures, and sudden deaths even at relatively younger mean ages but not malignancies in the SCD. In another definition, chronic and systemic inflammatory processes may increase the clearance of malignant cells from the circulation.

Dr. Elghblawi, discussed the advantage and disadvantage of artistic body piercing. Body piercing is described as the penetration of jewellery into openings created in unusual body areas, such as a fistula through the skin, the cartilage, or both, for desired decorative ornaments like jewels, plastic, wood plugs, beads, or pearls. It has evolved from a behaviour where it was called a norm like an ear lobe piercing to the extreme and multiple ones. The motivations have changed and are associated with each individual’s preferences and choices, which become trendier among young people. Some are called as ‘body modifications’ or ‘body art’ to enhance a person’s appearance, as creative long-term enjoyment expressions. Many adopt the art of piercing for different places of the body, and see it as a sign of beauty, sexuality, and seduction, ritual connections in certain tribal cultures.

Abdulrazak Abyad
Chief Editor